BACKGROUND
Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) will have important utility for asthma and other chronic diseases as a tool for predicting disease incidence and sub-phenotypes.
OBJECTIVE
We utilized findings from a large multi-ancestry GWAS of asthma to compute a PRS for asthma with relevance for racially diverse populations.
METHODS
We derived two PRSs for asthma using a standard approach (based on genome-wide significant variants) and a lasso sum regression approach (allowing all genetic variants to potentially contribute). We used data from the racially diverse Kaiser Permanente GERA cohort (68,638 Non-Hispanic Whites, 5,874 Hispanics, 6,870 Asians and 2,760 Blacks). Race was self-reported by questionnaire.
RESULTS
For the standard PRS, Non-Hispanic Whites showed the highest odds ratio for a standard deviation increase in PRS for asthma OR=1.16 (95% CI 1.14 to 1.18). The standard PRS was also associated with asthma in Hispanic OR=1.12 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.19), and Asian subjects OR=1.10 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.17), with a trend toward increased risk in Blacks OR=1.05 (95% CI 0.97 to 1.15). We detected an interaction by sex, with men showing higher risk of asthma with an increase in PRS as compared to women. The lasso sum regression derived PRS showed stronger associations with asthma in Non-Hispanic White subjects (OR=1.20 (95% CI 1.18 to 1.23)), Hispanics (OR=1.17 (95% 1.10 to 1.26), Asians (OR=1.18 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.27) and Blacks (OR=1.10 (95% CI 0.99 to 1.22)).
CONCLUSIONS
PRSs across multiple racial/ethnic groups were associated with increased asthma risk, suggesting that PRSs have potential as a tool for predicting disease development.